Diabetic foot ulcers refer to open wounds or sores (commonly found on the sole) that typically occur in about fifteen percent of people with diabetes. According to Dr. Laura Michetti of First Choice Podiatry in Annapolis, MD, diabetic foot ulcers result from a combination of factors that often include nerve damage (e.g., neuropathy), poor circulation, elevated blood sugar levels, and more.

Signs/Symptoms of Diabetic Foot Ulcers

These are the most common symptoms one can expect –

• Redness, warmth, or swelling near the ulcer.
• Discharge from the wound.
• Malodorous.
• Pain/tenderness (which may be less for those with neuropathy).
• Discolored tissue.

Risk Factors for Diabetic Foot Ulcers

The following are the most common risk factors –

• Neuropathy – the restricted capacity to feel pain increases the likelihood of injuries going unnoticed.
• Poor Circulation – this slows the process of healing, which increases infection risk.
• Hyperglycemia – elevated sugar levels often prohibit one’s immune response/healing.
• Foot Deformities – hammertoes/bunions and other deformities can cause pressure that creates ulcers.
• Inadequate Foot Hygiene – improper care increases the infection risk.

Diabetic Care Treatment Strategies

In addition to daily foot exams at home, people with diabetes must have routine checkups with a podiatrist or healthcare provider. Early intervention and consistent care can significantly improve outcomes and prevent complications.

• Wound Care: It is important to clean the wound daily. Appropriate dressings should be used to promote healing. A podiatrist can remove infected tissue.
• Infection Control: Topical treatments and ointments can help with diabetic care, and antibiotics can be used to manage existing infections.
• Offloading - relieves pressure on the ulcer. Inserts, special shoes, and even a cast can be used to distribute one’s weight.
• Better management of blood sugar is done through routine monitoring, medication, diet, and exercise.
• Improving Circulation – exercising regularly or taking prescribed medicine to treat an underlying condition.
• Patient Education includes how to properly care for your feet and nails and choose the proper footwear.

There are also more advanced therapies, like growth factors or a hyperbaric oxygen therapy approach.

Preventive Measures

There are various ways to proactively prevent ulcers from developing –

• Choosing well-fitting shoes/avoiding walking barefoot.
• Washing/moisturizing feet daily.
• Checking for any abnormalities regularly.
• Improving circulation/overall health by stopping smoking.
• Routine visits to healthcare providers for foot exams and better management of your diabetic condition.

Reach Out to a Leading Annapolis, MD Podiatrist Near You Today

Managing/treating diabetic foot ulcers/wounds requires a comprehensive approach that includes routine foot care, wound management, infection control, and more. If you want more information, you can contact Dr. Michetti or a First Choice Podiatry staff member at (443) 332-2300 or online.